Compliance Carbon Markets – Emission Trading Systems (ETS)
Compliance Carbon Markets (ETS / Emissions Trading Systems) are government-regulated systems that allocate emission allowances to companies. In markets such as the EU ETS, UK ETS, Korea ETS and the upcoming Türkiye ETS, companies trade EUA, UKA or national allowance units based on the emissions intensity of their operations. Compliance markets require companies to meet their obligations by procuring a defined carbon allowance unit.
Voluntary Carbon Market (VCM)
The Voluntary Carbon Market (VCM) is a global environmental market where companies and organizations voluntarily buy and sell carbon credits to address residual emissions and support verified climate projects. Unlike compliance markets, the VCM operates alongside regulatory frameworks, providing flexibility, global access and project diversity for corporate climate strategies.
Renewable Energy Certificates Market (RECs)
The Renewable Energy Certificates (REC) Market is a global environmental market where certificates representing renewable electricity generation are bought and sold. RECs enable the environmental attributes of renewable power generation to be verified, transferred and reported independently from the physical electricity flow.
Plastic Credits Market
It is a structured market mechanism in which plastic disposal, collection and recovery activities are converted into measurable and verifiable environmental impact. Project owners transform the volume of plastic collected or processed through recycling systems into certified plastic credits, while corporate buyers purchase these credits to balance and manage plastic responsibility within their value chains.
Sustainable Fuels Market
The Sustainable Fuels Market represents the environmental attributes of sustainable aviation fuels and other low-carbon fuels through certification structures. Sustainable fuels include fuels produced from waste-based inputs, biological content or low-carbon production pathways, offering a lower emissions profile compared to conventional fossil fuels. This market enables the verifiable recording and certification of the environmental impact generated by sustainable fuel production, allowing companies to apply this impact toward emission reduction strategies.